Figures.Finance

Financial Guides

Plain-English answers to real financial questions.

Stacks of US dollar bills spread across a surface
Retirement

How Does Social Security Work? A Simple 2026 Guide

Wondering how does Social Security work? This guide explains how benefits are calculated, when to claim, and how to boost your retirement income in 2026.

Aug 4, 20267 min read
Stacks of US dollar bills spread across a surface
Retirement

What Is a Roth 401(k), and Should You Be Using One?

A Roth 401(k) lets your retirement savings grow completely tax-free. See how it works, who benefits most, and how it stacks up against a traditional 401(k).

Aug 3, 20267 min read
Stacks of US dollar bills spread across a surface
Retirement

How Much Should You Have in Your 401(k) Saved by Age?

Find out how much you should have in your 401(k) by age 30, 40, 50, and 60, plus real benchmarks and a free retirement calculator to check your progress.

Aug 2, 20266 min read
Stacks of US dollar bills spread across a surface
Savings

CD vs High-Yield Savings: Where Should Your Cash Go?

CD vs high-yield savings account: compare interest rates, access to cash, and risk to find the best place for your emergency fund or savings goal today.

Aug 1, 20267 min read
Stacks of US dollar bills spread across a surface
Savings

How Much of Your Income Should You Save Each Month?

Wondering how much should you save each month? Learn the 50/30/20 rule, real savings targets by income, and how to build a plan that actually works today.

Jul 31, 20266 min read
Laptop displaying financial analytics on a desk
Credit

What Hurts Your Credit Score the Most? A 2026 Guide

Wondering what hurts your credit score the most? Late payments, high balances, and hard inquiries do the most damage. Here's how to protect your score in 2026.

Jul 30, 20267 min read
Laptop displaying financial analytics on a desk
Credit

How Balance Transfer Credit Cards Work (and the Catch)

A balance transfer credit card lets you move debt to a 0% interest card—but transfer fees and promo periods can offset the savings if you don't pay it off.

Jul 29, 20267 min read
A pair of scissors cutting through a credit card on a wooden desk
Debt

How to Consolidate Debt: Your Options, Pros, and Cons

Learn how to consolidate debt with a personal loan, balance transfer card, or HELOC. Compare the costs, pros, and cons to pick the right option for you.

Jul 28, 20267 min read
A small wooden model house sitting on mortgage paperwork next to a calculator
Mortgage

How Much Down Payment Do You Really Need for a House?

Wondering how much down payment for a house you actually need? See real numbers for 3%, 5%, and 20% down payments — plus how to choose the right amount.

Jul 27, 20267 min read
A small wooden model house sitting on mortgage paperwork next to a calculator
Mortgage

Do Biweekly Mortgage Payments Really Save You Money?

Biweekly mortgage payments can shave years off your loan and save you thousands in interest — see the real math, an example, and hidden fees to watch for.

Jul 26, 20266 min read
A small wooden model house sitting on mortgage paperwork next to a calculator
Mortgage

What Is a Mortgage Escrow Account and How Does It Work?

A mortgage escrow account covers your property taxes and homeowners insurance automatically. Learn how it works, what it costs, and how to check it each year.

Jul 25, 20267 min read
Stacks of US dollar bills spread across a surface
Savings

How to Save for a Wedding Without Going Into Debt in 2026

Learn how to save for a wedding in 2026 without going into debt, with a realistic budget, savings timeline, and simple tips for a stress-free big day.

Jul 24, 20267 min read
A pair of scissors cutting through a credit card on a wooden desk
Debt

How Much Car Can You Afford? The 20/4/10 Rule Explained

Wondering how much car can I afford? The 20/4/10 rule gives you a simple formula to set a smart budget and avoid overspending on your next car purchase.

Jul 23, 20266 min read
Stacks of US dollar bills spread across a surface
Investing

Index Funds vs ETFs: Which Is Better for Investors?

Index funds vs ETFs: see how fees, taxes, minimum investments, and trading flexibility differ so you can choose the smarter option for your portfolio.

Jul 22, 20266 min read
A pair of scissors cutting through a credit card on a wooden desk
Debt

Car Loan vs Lease: Which Is Cheaper in the Long Run?

Comparing a car loan vs lease? See real monthly payment examples and total cost breakdowns to find out which option saves you more money over the long haul.

Jul 20, 20267 min read
Stacks of US dollar bills spread across a surface
Tax

How to Budget for Taxes on Your Side Income in 2026

Earning side income in 2026? Learn how to budget for taxes on side income, avoid surprise bills, and set aside the right amount each month with a simple plan.

Jul 19, 20266 min read
Stacks of US dollar bills spread across a surface
Savings

HSA vs FSA: Which Health Account Should You Choose?

HSA vs FSA: compare eligibility, contribution limits, and rollover rules to choose the right health account and save more on medical costs each year in 2025.

Jul 18, 20266 min read
Stacks of US dollar bills spread across a surface
Retirement

What Is Your FIRE Number, and How Do You Retire Early?

Your FIRE number is how much you need to retire early. Learn the formula, see real examples, and calculate yours free with our retirement calculator today.

Jul 17, 20266 min read
A small wooden model house sitting on mortgage paperwork next to a calculator
Mortgage

Mortgage Refinance Break-Even: When Refinancing Pays

Calculate your mortgage refinance break-even point to see exactly how many months it takes to recoup closing costs and start saving real money on your loan.

Jul 16, 20266 min read
A small wooden model house sitting on mortgage paperwork next to a calculator
Mortgage

First-Time Home Buyer Programs: What You Qualify For

First-time home buyer programs can lower your down payment to 3% or less and cover closing costs. See which federal, state, and local grants fit your budget.

Jul 15, 20266 min read
Stacks of US dollar bills spread across a surface
Savings

How to Build a High-Yield Savings Account Ladder in 2026

Learn how to build a high-yield savings ladder in 2026 to earn more interest while keeping cash accessible for short-term goals, emergencies, and big purchases.

Jul 14, 20267 min read
Stacks of US dollar bills spread across a surface
Budgeting

What Is a Sinking Fund and How Do You Start One Today?

A sinking fund lets you save for planned expenses like car repairs or holiday trips without wrecking your monthly budget. Here's how to start one today.

Jul 13, 20266 min read
Laptop displaying financial analytics on a desk
Credit

How to Build Credit From Scratch: A Beginner's Guide

Learn how to build credit from scratch with a step-by-step plan for beginners — secured cards, credit-builder loans, and the habits that grow your score fast.

Jul 12, 20267 min read
Fanned-out US dollar bills spread across a flat surface
Budgeting

50/30/20 Budget Rule Explained: Take Control of Your Money

The 50/30/20 rule divides your after-tax income into needs, wants, and savings. Here's how to apply it, adapt it for real life, and actually make it stick.

May 29, 20268 min read
Laptop displaying financial analytics on a desk
Credit

What Is a Good Credit Score (And How to Improve Yours)?

A good credit score opens doors to lower rates, better cards, and more borrowing power. Here's the exact range that matters — and how to raise your score fast.

May 27, 20268 min read
Stacked banknotes and coins on a wooden surface representing personal wealth
Budgeting

How to Calculate Your Net Worth: A Step-by-Step Guide

Net worth is your financial scoreboard. Learn exactly how to calculate it, what counts as assets and liabilities, and how to track progress over time.

May 26, 20268 min read
Stacks of US dollar bills on a dark surface representing investment returns
Tax

How Taxes Work on Investment Income: Your 2025 Guide

Learn how capital gains, dividends, and interest are taxed. Covers 2025 rates, short vs. long-term brackets, and strategies to cut your tax bill legally.

May 25, 20269 min read
Retired couple walking on a beach at sunset
Retirement

What Is the 4% Rule for Retirement? Your Complete Guide

The 4% rule says you can withdraw 4% of your portfolio in year one and adjust for inflation each year. Here's what the research shows and when to adjust.

May 24, 20269 min read
Person reviewing financial documents and planning retirement at a desk
Retirement

How to Save for Retirement in Your 30s: A Complete Guide

Your 30s are the most powerful decade for retirement savings. Here's exactly how much to save, where to put it, and how to catch up if you're already behind.

May 22, 20268 min read
Stack of US dollar bills representing retirement savings and investment
Retirement

Roth IRA vs Traditional IRA: Which Should You Choose?

Roth and Traditional IRAs both cut your tax bill — just at different times. Here's the key differences and how to pick the right one for your situation.

May 21, 20267 min read
Two professionals reviewing retirement savings and financial planning documents at a desk
Retirement

401(k) Contribution Limits 2025: Max Out Your Plan

The 2025 401(k) limit is $23,500—$31,000 if you're 50+. Here's what changed, how catch-up rules work, and how to make every dollar count in your plan.

May 20, 20267 min read
Stack of US dollar bills representing retirement savings
Retirement

How Much Do You Need to Retire? A Simple Breakdown

Most Americans have no idea how much they need to retire. Learn the 25x rule, how to calculate your retirement number, and what to do if you're behind.

May 19, 20268 min read
Stack of US dollar bills on a white surface
Savings

How to Set and Reach a Savings Goal: A Step-by-Step Plan

Learn to set savings goals that stick: break any target into monthly milestones, choose the right account, automate transfers, and hit your number on time.

May 18, 20268 min read
Stock market ticker display showing numbers on a trading screen
Investing

What Is Dollar-Cost Averaging and How Does It Work?

Dollar-cost averaging removes the guesswork from investing. Learn how DCA reduces risk, why it beats market timing, and how to automate it starting today.

May 17, 20268 min read
A person counting cash on a wooden table beside a smartphone showing investment charts
Investing

How to Start Investing with $100 a Month: 2026 Plan

You don't need thousands to start investing. Here's how to put $100 a month to work — step by step — and what it could realistically be worth in 20 years.

May 16, 20267 min read
Stacks of US dollar bills spread across a surface
Savings

High-Yield Savings Account vs Regular Savings Account

High-yield savings accounts pay 10–20x more interest than regular accounts. Here's how they work, what to watch for, and when each account type makes sense.

May 15, 20267 min read
A small model house sitting on top of a stack of coins and banknotes
Savings

How to Save for a House Down Payment: Your 2025 Guide

A step-by-step guide to saving for a house down payment: how much you actually need, which accounts to use, and strategies to hit your goal much faster.

May 14, 20268 min read
Stack of US dollar bills spread across a surface representing savings
Savings

How Big Should Your Emergency Fund Be? (2025 Guide)

Find out exactly how big your emergency fund should be, which account type to keep it in, and the fastest ways to build one — even starting from zero.

May 13, 20267 min read
Close-up of stacked coins growing in size, representing compounding growth over time
Savings

Compound Interest Explained: The Math That Builds Wealth

Compound interest multiplies your wealth silently over decades. Here's how it works, why time is the biggest variable, and how to make it work for you.

May 12, 20268 min read
Fanned-out US dollar bills on a white surface
Debt

Personal Loan vs Credit Card: Which Should You Use?

Choose between a personal loan and a credit card based on rate, repayment timeline, and flexibility. Here's how to match the right tool to your situation.

May 11, 20268 min read
Handful of US dollar bills representing tight finances and budgeting
Debt

How to Get Out of Debt on a Low Income: Proven Steps

Getting out of debt on a tight budget is hard but doable. Here are the concrete steps, strategies, and mindset shifts that actually work when money is scarce.

May 10, 202610 min read
Scattered US dollar bills and coins representing cash and debt
Debt

What Happens If You Only Pay the Credit Card Minimum?

Paying only the credit card minimum feels manageable until you see the math. A $3,000 balance can take 15 years and cost twice what you originally owed.

May 9, 20267 min read
Person tapping a credit card on a contactless payment terminal
Debt

How Credit Card Interest Works: The Full Breakdown

Credit card interest compounds daily and can more than double what you owe. Learn exactly how APR, grace periods, and billing cycles work against you.

May 8, 20269 min read
Graduation cap and diploma on a table representing student loan debt
Debt

How to Pay Off Student Loans Fast: 2025 Strategies

Federal loans offer forgiveness options, but strategic extra payments and refinancing can clear student debt years faster while saving thousands in interest.

May 7, 20267 min read
Calculator and financial documents on a desk showing budget calculations
Debt

What Is a Good Debt-to-Income Ratio? Your 2025 Guide

Your debt-to-income ratio is one of the most important numbers lenders check. Learn what counts as good, how to calculate yours, and how to lower it fast.

May 6, 20268 min read
Stack of US dollar bills representing debt payoff savings
Debt

Debt Avalanche vs Debt Snowball: Which Method Wins?

The debt avalanche saves you the most in interest; the snowball builds momentum. Here's the complete math on both methods—and how to pick the right one.

May 5, 20267 min read
Two people meeting across a desk reviewing paperwork and a laptop
Mortgage

How to Get the Best Mortgage Rate (Without Overpaying)

A 0.5% lower rate saves $40,000 on a typical 30-year mortgage. Here are the eight specific moves that get you the lowest rate any bank is willing to offer.

May 4, 20267 min read
A calculator and pen resting on a mortgage document with charts
Mortgage

How Mortgage Points Work — and When to Actually Buy Them

Mortgage points let you pay upfront for a lower interest rate. Here's the real math, the break-even formula, and when buying points actually saves money.

May 4, 20268 min read
A house key on top of a mortgage agreement and pen on a wooden desk
Mortgage

Fixed vs Variable Rate Mortgage: Which Should You Pick?

Fixed-rate mortgages give predictability; variable rates give lower upfront costs. Here's the math, the trade-offs, and how to pick the right one for your life.

May 4, 20268 min read
A small wooden house figure on top of an open contract with a calculator and pen nearby
Mortgage

What Is PMI and How Do You Avoid Paying It on a Mortgage?

Private mortgage insurance can cost $100–$500 a month and builds zero equity. Learn what PMI is, when lenders require it, and four real ways to avoid it.

Apr 30, 20268 min read
A small wooden model house sitting on top of mortgage paperwork next to a calculator
Mortgage

15 vs 30-Year Mortgage: Which Loan Term Is Right for You?

Compare 15-year and 30-year mortgages side-by-side. See real-payment math, total interest costs, and which loan term truly fits your budget, goals, and life.

Apr 29, 20266 min read
A pair of scissors cutting through a credit card on a wooden desk
Debt

How to Pay Off Credit Card Debt Fast: 2025 Action Plan

Cut years off your credit card debt with proven payoff strategies. Compare the avalanche and snowball methods, balance transfers, and the math behind each.

Apr 24, 20267 min read
White suburban house with a well-kept front lawn on a sunny day
Mortgage

How Much House Can I Afford? A Complete 2025 Guide

Find out how much house you can afford based on your income, debts, and down payment. Learn the 28/36 rule, hidden costs, and the right steps before you buy.

Apr 23, 20266 min read